MIKROPROPAGASI TUNAS Stevia rebaudiana DENGAN KULTUR CAIR

Kurniawan, Aditya (2020) MIKROPROPAGASI TUNAS Stevia rebaudiana DENGAN KULTUR CAIR. S1 thesis, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta.

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Abstract

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) is a herbaceousplant species which belongs to Asteraceae family which has medicinal properties. This plant has a sweet taste inits leaves which contain steviol glycosides. The sweetener in stevia leaves is a non-calorie natural sweetener so it is safe for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The sweetener may also reduce obesity. Stevia propagation by seed faces low germination rate of seeds and having high variety of its seedlings. Propagation by cuttings is limited by the number of plant sources. Another method for mass propagation is by tissue culture techniques. In stevia, tissue culture has been applied since the 1970s and up to now is still being developed with various modifications such asby altering media compositions, the growing environment, and the cultivation system. Propagation of stevia using a liquid culture system is one method for mass propagation in the laboratory. Research on liquid culture has been widely reported. Several researchers have published the use of bioreactors to increase the production of biomass and plant chemicals including for stevia. This paper consist of a Literature Review on the micropropagation of stevia in liquid media. A result showed that the optimal medium for stevia shoot induction was MS medium containing 1 mg/L BAP or with addition of 1 mg/L BAP in combination with 0,5 mg/L IAA using apical shoots as explants. Shoots and roots of Stevia developed simultaneously in a bioreactor containing 100 mL WPM at a soaking frequency of 10 seconds/4 hours.The healthiest plantlets were obtained in the bioreactor containing 5 mL WPM medium per explant.

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