PERAN UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO) DALAM PERLINDUNGAN BENDA DAN TEMPAT BERSEJARAH DALAM KONFLIK BERSENJATA ISRAEL DAN PALESTINA MENURUT KONVENSI DEN HAAG 1954

Harahap, Raja Jemal Ibrahim (2025) PERAN UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO) DALAM PERLINDUNGAN BENDA DAN TEMPAT BERSEJARAH DALAM KONFLIK BERSENJATA ISRAEL DAN PALESTINA MENURUT KONVENSI DEN HAAG 1954. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS ATMA JAYA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The 2023 Israeli-Palestinian Armed Conflict has caused the destruction of cultural heritage in both regions. In this context, UNESCO has an important role as an international organization responsible for providing cultural heritage protection. This research aims to determine the efforts made by UNESCO to protect cultural heritage in the conflict between Israel and Palestine since October 2023 according to the 1954 The Hague Convention. The research method used is doctrinal method sourced from academics, news and official documents. The results show that UNESCO has made efforts such as registering cultural heritage on the World Heritage Lists, holding a conference between the Executive Board, including one of the cultural heritages on the List of World Heritage in Danger and providing Enhanced Protection, establishing a General Conference, despite facing obstacles due to Still carrying out initial inspections to identify damage so it cannot be confirmed yet. In this case, UNESCO is advised to increase international legal advocacy, accelerate the rehabilitation of cultural heritage, immediately implement the Gaza Action Plan, involve local communities, speed up aid, involve local communities, and establish monitoring mechanisms in conflict zones. This research provides better insight into UNESCO's role in protecting historical objects and places in the armed conflict between Israel and Palestine, according to the 1954 The Hague Convention.

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