KONSEP IDEOLOGI, HIRARKI, DAN KESEIMBANGAN, PADA ELEMEN ARSITEKTUR KLENTENG BERDENAH TIPE SI-HE-YUAN

KUSTEDJA, SUGIRI (2014) KONSEP IDEOLOGI, HIRARKI, DAN KESEIMBANGAN, PADA ELEMEN ARSITEKTUR KLENTENG BERDENAH TIPE SI-HE-YUAN. Phd thesis, UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK PARAHYANGAN.

Text (KONSEP IDEOLOGI, HIRARKI, DAN KESEIMBANGAN, PADA ELEMEN ARSITEKTUR KLENTENG BERDENAH TIPE SI-HE-YUAN) Disertasi Sugiri Kustedja.pdf Download (60MB)

Abstract

Traditional Chinese temples existed in Indonesian archipelago together with Chinese migrant arrivals from South China region. The temples are exactly copied as temples at their hometowns. Their architecture style always consistently similar wherever they were built. This research is aiming: a) To identify relationship between folk believe and folk culture in the form of temple building. b) To interpret and to describe the meaning implied within major architectural elements as expression of folk culture. c) To understand the correct position of traditional architectural elements on any Chinese temple. The research objects are four traditional temples in Western Java province: [1] Hok Tek Bio, Bogor, [2] Hiap Thian Kiong, Bandung, [3] Tiao Kak Sie, Cirebon, and [4] Talang temple, Cirebon. Those buildings have specific traditional plan type with courtyard, called as si-he ynan A X. This researched executed as interpretative descriptive analysis based on structural method, symbolic semiotic. With qualitative explanation for building details within their contexts, referring to traditional Chinese philosophy and Chinese temple architectural theory. Elaborated in current people living culture. The research conclusion shows that the temple concepts on the physical subjects are related with [a] the building, community [b] ritual function and [c] the prominent "host" statue. On the non physical philosophical aspects which support the concept of temple inherent meaning are: {a} Ideology of stakeholders which influenced application of temple's ornaments and choosing statues, (b) The concept of "Thian", and people believes for the heaven hierarchical authority order, which applied to the temple building. This effect the ranking of rooms and statues placed inside, and {c} The concept of heaven order with dynamic stability (yin yang) and the perpetual movement to reach stability. Expressed as the symmetrical mirror axis on plan and temple building. Implication of this research: The constructed analyzing diagram can be utilized to interpret cultural meaning on other temples, or to adjust existing temple thus accord with traditional philosophical concept. This diagram also can be utilized in designing new temple to suit with traditional vernacular architecture philosophy. Publication of this research will enriched the collection of Indonesian theoretical vernacular architectural library.

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