PERLINDUNGAN BAGI ANAK-ANAK AKIBAT SERANGAN CLUSTER MUNITIONS TERHADAP KELOMPOK HOUTHI DI YAMAN OLEH KOALISI ARAB SAUDI DITINJAU DARI HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL

WIJAYANTI, AGNES NOVITA (2017) PERLINDUNGAN BAGI ANAK-ANAK AKIBAT SERANGAN CLUSTER MUNITIONS TERHADAP KELOMPOK HOUTHI DI YAMAN OLEH KOALISI ARAB SAUDI DITINJAU DARI HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL. S1 thesis, UAJY.

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Abstract

Cluster Munition means a conventional munition that is designed to disperse or release explosive submunitions each weighing less than 20 kilograms, and includes those explosive submunitions. Cluster Munitions have the unique and deadly characteristics. First, each Cluster Munition contains tens or event hundreds submunitions which will break and spread out on the surface of the ground. Second, each unexploded submunition will turn become landmine which always active as a weapon and can be exploded by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person or a vehicle, anytime. Third, submunitions are designed with interested form resemble the objects of toys. The remnants of cluster munitions use will cause long-term harm such as pollute and contaminate the ex area of hostilities widely, chemical radiation on genetics, and a safety threat to civilian after the end of armed conflict, especially children. The problem of this thesis is how the protection for children from the attack of cluster munitions against the Houthi Group in Yemen by a Coalition of Saudi Arabia in terms of International Humanitarian Law. The research method used in this thesis is a normative legal research that focused on the positive legal norms in the form of instruments-instruments international humanitarian law governing the children protection in the armed conflict situation by doing comparative analysis. Data collection techniques in this thesis are using interview and literature study. The conclusions are obtained by using deductive procedure. The results of the legal research shows Coalition of Saudi Arabia was proven using various cluster munitions as weapons in that Yemen’s armed conflict which overset the International Humanitarian Law. The use of cluster munitions in the military attack that conducted by a Coalition of Saudi Arabia against the Houthi group also brings bad impacts for children in Yemen. Thousands of children have become the victims of both injured, sick, or died during armed conflicts and after the attacks took place during the last eighteen months because of a cluster munitions explosion. According to the International Humanitarian Law, cluster munitions were also banned for violating the military necessity and humanity principle. Therefore, children need to get guarantees of international protection either on the current situation even though postwar ends thoroughly and continuously.

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